Problem 1: Expanded Knowledge

When multiple streaklines are introduced along a line, this configuration is referred to as a rake of streaklines. Because of the unsteady vortices shed from the cylinder in an alternating pattern, the smoke collects into a clearly defined structure known as a Kármán vortex street

Streak lines can be computed efficiently by simple curve integration. In the 2D time-dependent flow around a cylinder, the von Kármán vortex street is revealed by the rolling-up behavior of streak lines, which becomes more pronounced for larger values of the streak-line age parameter

KármánVortexStreet

1 Modal Analysis of Fluid Flows: Applications and Outlook. Kunihiko Taira, Maziar S. Hemati, Steven L. Brunton, Yiyang Sun, Karthik Duraisamy, Shervin Bagheri, Scott T. M. Dawson, and Chi-An Yeh. AIAA Journal 2020 58:3, 998-1022